Real Inclusion

In Seattle and across the country, educators are committed to including students with disabilities as fully as possible in general education classrooms.

“Full inclusion” models seek to rectify the long history of segregating students with physical or cognitive limitations, emotional issues, or behavioral challenges.

The district claimed that its proposal was designed to create truly inclusive classrooms. It would merge three current categories of special education students into one and use a yet-to-be-developed calculation to determine staffing needs.

But without clear guidelines for how many adults would be available to support them, union members said that students’ needs would not be met.

“What does inclusion really mean?” asks Ibijoke Idowu-Holiday, a K-5 special education teacher. “As a student, I am included when I go into a classroom that has the resources I need to be successful. So we cannot say going into an overcrowded classroom will allow me to be successful.”

Classes Too Big

Class sizes are already upward of forty students, including a mix of gifted, special education, and multi-language students.

The district was proposing to cut staffing, especially for paraprofessionals, and then to move more disabled students into general education classrooms.

The bloated class size was part of what brought sixth grade math teacher Alison Underdahl to the picket line.

With the return to schools last year, “the district was talking about how they were going to make things safe,” she said, “but that was safe for twenty-two students, not the forty-four in my classroom.”

Multi-language educator Charlie Mercer served on a joint district-union task force that was charged with “re-envisioning what multi-language learning could look like,” Mercer said. “We had ideas and solutions to challenges.”

So Mercer was “utterly crushed” to see the first proposal from the district: “It was the same old, same old.”

For both multi-language and special education, the district’s vague proposal seemed to be a consultation model, where the specialist would act as an adviser to multiple classroom teachers instead of a co-teacher in the classroom.

Racial Disparity

Ronnue McThomas also sat on a task force — this one on special education. As a paraprofessional, he is one of the lowest-paid members of the bargaining unit.

The imperative for the special education task force came from the last collective bargaining agreement, but its recommendations were kept under wraps and only publicly released a few days before the strike.

McThomas has worked with students across the spectrum of disabilities. “In all the different programs I’ve worked in, one thing I noticed is that, in special ed classrooms, 60 to 70 percent of the students are black and brown kids, boys,” he said.

This is why he believes “the whole system needs to be torn down and revamped.” That would mean rethinking how students are tested into special education and making sure that black and brown students have enough resources before they get to school.

Not Just About Kids

Every educator I spoke with understood the strike as mainly about students’ learning needs. But they also understood that the reason the district’s proposals were unfair to students was because they were unfair to educators.

Large class sizes overload educators with work inside and outside of the classroom.

The union demanded cost-of-living adjustments across the board that would actually address the skyrocketing local cost of living. A particular demand was to increase wages for paraprofessionals and substitute teachers.

Compounding its disrespect for the realities of classroom life, the district also proposed to create “blackout” dates when you would have to burn two personal days to take one day off. This, as Mercer noted, after the most difficult two years of anyone’s teaching career.

Members Self-Organize

Eighth grade US history teacher Josh Simpson said those difficult two years taught him that, “if we didn’t get smaller class sizes and reform of the way public schools work under COVID, it isn’t going to happen unless we take collective action.”

That’s why, even as Seattle Education Association (SEA) members spent most of the summer uncertain about the specifics of negotiations, they were organizing themselves to prepare for a strike.

Isaura Jiménez (who uses the pronoun “they”) teaches ethnic studies to twelfth graders. When they were asked to be a picket captain a few weeks back, they started by reaching out to ask how their coworkers were feeling about the return to school and to share information about bargaining.

After two weeks of this, they started making specific asks. They set up nine working committees for the picket lines — such as nourishment, media, contract proposal tracking, solidarity with community organizations, social media, and friendly vibes coordination.

In preparation for the strike, Simpson and others visited striking teachers in nearby Kent and learned about how to set up roles for pickets and a communication network.

Democratic Push

The strength of SEA members’ commitment to winning their demands was evident in the general meeting where members voted to strike.

The strike authorization motion from union leadership said that, if a tentative agreement were reached during a strike, members would return to work before voting on it.

Members voted by 67 percent to amend the motion so that they would not resume work until after a tentative agreement had been voted up.

On the picket lines, some members organized to adopt sections of the contract — in order to get to know the proposals and counterproposals, explain them to others, and be prepared to evaluate any tentative agreement. They said this process was also about being prepared to defend the contract after a win.

Tentative Agreement

Late on September 12, the SEA board voted to overturn the amendment to the initial strike authorization vote. Shortly after, a tentative agreement was announced.

Members were told they would vote on whether to suspend the strike at a general membership meeting the next morning after reviewing only a summary of the deal.

Social media blew up. Dozens of members responded to the SEA post demanding the full tentative agreement and enough time to review and discuss it before voting.

At the September 13 general meeting, a motion to delay the vote for twenty-four hours in order to allow members to read the tentative agreement was narrowly defeated, 48 to 52 percent. Schools reopened on September 14, with members set to vote on the contract at some point in the days after.

Members I spoke to after the vote were frustrated with the hard push by leadership to suspend the strike rather than allow members time to review the tentative agreement — and concerned that the agreement comes far short of their demands. “We fended off the worst, but we barely moved beyond that,” said high school special education paraprofessional James Whitney Kahn.